Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)

From 1933 to 2003, the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) was the agency of the U.S. Department of Justice responsible for enforcing immigration laws, administering immigration benefits, and, in conjunction with the Department of State, admitting and resettling refugees.

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Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha (1983)

With its decision in Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha, the U.S. Supreme Court invalidated the legislative veto that had enabled the U.S. Congress, in negotiation with the executive branch, to veto certain executive actions.

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Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA)

After many years of heated debate and the shock of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, in 2002 the Canadian parliament passed the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA), replacing the Immigration Act of 1976.

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Immigration Appeal Board Act (Canada) (1967)

Following a broad government reorganization of the immigration bureaucracy in Canada, the Immigration Appeal Board Act was passed, creating the Immigration Appeal Board.

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Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) (United States) (1986)

In the wake of massive refugee crises in Southeast Asia and Cuba, in 1981, a Select Commission on Immigration and Refugee Policy recommended to the U.S. Congress that undocumented aliens be granted amnesty and that sanctions be imposed on employers who hired undocumented workers.

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Immigration regulations (Canada) (1967)

In the wake of the White Paper on Canadian Immigration Policy of October 1966, the Canadian government announced a new series of immigration regulations in September 1967.

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Immigration Restriction League (IRL)

Founded by Charles Warren in Boston in 1894, the Immigration Restriction League (IRL) proposed a literacy test for the purpose of restricting immigration.

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Indentured servitude

Indentured servitude as a means of colonization or immigration is a labor system in which a laborer agrees to provide labor exclusively for one employer for a fixed number of years in return for his or her travel, living expenses and often some financial consideration at the end of service.

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Indian immigration

According to the 2000 U.S. census, 1,899,599 Americans claimed Asian Indian descent. Although most were Hindus and Muslims, almost 150,000 were Christians from southern India.

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Industrial Workers of the World (IWW, Wobblies)

Founded in 1905, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) was the most important of the radical labor organizations that operated in the United States and Canada.

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Daniel K. Inouye (1924– ) politician

Hawaii’s first U.S. congressman and the first member of Congress of Japanese descent, Daniel Inouye has represented, for more than 40 years, the patriotism of Japanese Americans.

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International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union (ILGWU)

Founded in 1900 in New York City, the International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union (ILGWU) was remarkably successful in forcing adoption of sanitary codes and safety regulations and achieving better pay during the first two decades of the 20th century.

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Iranian immigration

During the 1990s, Iranians formed the largest immigrant group from the Middle East in both the United States and Canada.

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Iraqi immigration

Unlike some other Muslim groups, Iraqis had little exposure to Western culture before immigrating to North America in the wake of the first Persian Gulf War (1991) and therefore had more difficulty assimilating.

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Irish immigration

The Irish were the first of Europe’s many impoverished peoples to seek economic advantages in the New World in large numbers in the 19th century, providing one of the great immigration streams to both Canada and the United States.

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